Gypsum plaster: product features

Putty - the main material for plastering various surfaces and giving them the necessary evenness. Today on the market of repair and finishing materials there is a wide variety of putty mixtures that are made on the basis of different materials, which determines their scope and technical characteristics. Very well established plaster fillers.

Gypsum putty is made from building plaster. This material is obtained after grinding, cleaning and appropriate processing of solid sedimentary gypsum rocks mined in quarries.

If pure gypsum is dissolved in water, it will quickly begin to harden, similar to alabaster.To increase the hardening time of the gypsum mixture and simplify the process of its use, special materials are added to dry gypsum putties that make the material more elastic and increase its shelf life.

In addition to polymeric additives, mineral fillers are also added to the filler., such as quartz white sand or marble flour. The particle size of these components determines the method of applying the finished putty. If, for example, the filler is a fine fraction, then using such a mixture a thinner layer of plaster can be applied. With an increase in particle size, the thickness of the plaster layer also increases.

It is the quality of the mineral binder that determines the division of all gypsum putties into two types:

• Starting. They are intended for plastering the base of surfaces in order to create a base leveling layer, on which a finishing leveling plaster will be applied later. Such fillers are used for plastering ceilings and walls, leveling small 1-2 centimeter drops, sealing cracks and other recesses in the foundations.Starting compounds applied to the base thickness of 10-15 mm. To eliminate strong drops gypsum compositions will not work. If you increase the thickness of the layer of such plaster, then it simply does not hold on to the base. In such situations, use other plaster mixes or resort to leveling the surfaces with the help of drywall sheets;

• Finishing. Their main purpose is the formation of a smooth surface for finishing. Finishing putty is put in one layer, creating faultlessly smooth and white covering. Finishing type putty walls used for further painting, wallpapering, any other decor. Visually, the finish coating differs from the starting one in a greater degree of whiteness and smoothness.

In addition to these types of gypsum mixes, there are also universal putties, which are used as the only material for processing walls, which is also a pre-leveling coating and a finishing layer. Such solutions can be applied on various types of bases - concrete, reinforced concrete, brick.

The important components of the plaster mix for puttying are various plasticizers and modifiers.Each manufacturer uses for this different chemical components, the formulas of which are the property of the manufacturer and, ultimately, distinguish the gypsum plaster of different brands from each other. The presence in the composition of these components determines how quickly dries and how high the strength of the plaster will be.

In addition to the plaster putty, for the plastering work can be applied and other compositions. What is the difference of this type of material from other fillers, for example, from the so widespread polymer filler?

Common to these two compositions is that they are designed to perform the same type of repair work - plastering. Both of these products do equally well with the task of filling grooves and cracks, leveling surfaces and preparing them for later decorating.

Plaster putty has good hygroscopicitythat, on the one hand, makes it a more attractive material from the point of view of maintaining optimal environmental conditions, but on the other hand, this quality makes it impossible to use it for surface treatment in wet rooms, which is quite possible by the polymer putty.Therefore, if it is necessary to level the walls, for example, in the bathroom, then for repair work it is better to use polymeric compositions.

The next difference between plaster putty is plasticity. This quality is of particular importance if the work is performed by non-professional plasterers. Gypsum compositions are easily applied and well distributed over the surface.

Gypsum putty compound - non-shrink material, that is, after drying it does not decrease in volume, and therefore does not form cracks, crumbling or sagging of the surface. In comparison with polymeric putties, gypsum is more environmentally friendly because it does not contain synthetic components. In addition, gypsum-based materials have a lower price range.

Thus, from the differences of plaster putty its advantages, distinguishing it from similar building materials, flow:

• An opportunity to plaster any bases: brick, concrete, plaster, plasterboard;
• Environmental friendliness.Gypsum putties do not emit substances harmful to human health and allow maintaining a favorable microclimate in the room due to the fact that in the presence of high humidity the material will absorb its excess, and when it decreases it will give moisture back;
• Good adhesion with various types of surfaces;

• No shrinkage, cracks and other deformations of the plaster layer due to the inclusion of special additives that improve its properties in the material;
• Economical consumption of material. For comparison - cement fillers have a consumption of three times more plaster;
• Easy application and the possibility of grinding. Due to the increased plasticity, gypsum solutions are conveniently applied. Even a newcomer to plastering can cope with wall filling; it is only necessary to strictly follow the instructions. Surfaces treated with gypsum-based putty can be easily polished, that is, after drying, you can always correct any surface imperfections using ordinary fine-grained emery paper;

• Quick drying This advantage allows repair work to be done fairly quickly;
• Durability created by the coating. Walls or ceilings plastered with this material can be used for several decades.

The disadvantages of this material include:

• A high degree of hygroscopicity, which does not allow the use of putty in areas where there is a high humidity;
• Rapidity of hardening. Plastering mortar must be prepared immediately before they begin and used immediately, without leaving the next time;
• Not a long period of storage of the dry mixture, which is usually limited to 6-12 months.

Before purchasing a material, it is necessary to decide whether it is possible to putty this surface with a plaster composition. In principle, this material can be used for processing different types of bases, including OSB-plates, concrete, brick walls, for filling the seams in the masonry of tongue-and-groove slabs and in the joints of GK-sheets. But it must be remembered that gypsum compounds do not have the property of moisture resistance, and therefore, for outdoor work and rooms in which there is a high level of humidity, will not work.Then it makes sense to use cement or polymer putty. In addition, you should not apply a plaster composition on stone or ceramic cladding surfaces or chipboard.

Further, depending on the type of repair work performed, it is necessary to determine which type of mix you need to buy - finishing, universal or starting.

Before you begin to work with the use of plaster putty, it is necessary to clarify its shelf life on the package. Expired material should not be used. Also in advance it is necessary to calculate the consumption of the finished mixture. To create a continuous leveling layer with a thickness of 1 mm and an area of ​​1 m2 is about a kilogram of the mixture. To seal the seams may need about 30-400 g per square meter.

Before starting work, the foundation should be properly prepared, removing paint or wallpaper from it, and cleaned of dirt, grease, chemicals or rust. Special attention should be paid to the removal of the fungus. For this, special antiseptic agents are used. After that, the surface is treated with a primer in one or two layers.

After that, you can proceed to the preparation of filler mixture.To do this, dry the mixture in proportion according to the instructions slowly fall asleep in warm water and distribute gently with your hands or a mixer. Then the mixture should stand for 2-3 minutes and swell. In the process, the mixture must be periodically mixed.

Plastering walls and ceilings with plaster filler is performed with two spatulas of different sizes - one is bigger, the other is smaller. A small one is needed to lay the finished mixture on a large spatula, by which the putty is distributed over the surface. The spatula should be kept tilted (45 degrees) to the surface to be plastered. By tilting the spatula slightly, cut off the excess mixture. For the distribution of the mixture on the outer and inner corners, special angular spatulas are used.

Today, building supermarkets offer a wide variety of gypsum-based putty dry mixes.

The line of putty from the company Knauf, which includes:

• "Uniflot" (for sealing seams HL);
• "Fugen" (for any interior work, including the sealing of seams);
• "Fugen GV" (for puttying GVL and GKL);

• "HP Finish" (for all surfaces);
• "Rotband Finish" (for any reason);
• "Fugen Hydro" (for installation of GWP, grouting joints between HA and HB sheets, including moisture resistant);
• "Satengips" (for all surfaces).

• Filling "Finishing" - white plastic material with the use of modified high quality additives for dry premises with any kinds of bases;
• Putty "Gypsum leveling" - designed to align any types of bases. The composition includes polymeric additives. It can be used for sealing joints between gypsum sheets and tongue-and-groove slabs.

• "Shovsilk T-3" 3 - high-strength crack-resistant putty. It is used for sealing joints between sheets of gypsum board, tongue-and-groove tiles, gypsum-fiber sheets, SML;
• "Ekonsilk PG34G" - non-shrink universal putty,used for alignment of various bases and seams;
• "Ecsilk PG35 W" - plastic non-shrinking leveling material. It is also used to fill seams GVL and GKL. The mixture has a low consumption;
• "Elisilk PG36 W" - finishing material that creates a perfectly smooth surface for subsequent coating with decorative materials;

• Finishing putty (highly plastic white) - finishing material with a high degree of whiteness, plasticity and easy to sand;
• "MasterSloy" (non-shrink thick-layer) - starting finishing material for the installation of sinks, cracks, holes, seams in GFL, GCR, GWP without the use of reinforcing tape;
• "Blik" (white) - universal, not shrinking putty, which does not solidify within 150 minutes

• MT75 is a gypsum compound with synthetic resins to create smooth bases. It is used to fill seams, holes and leveling the surfaces of cement-fiber, GK- and GV-sheets;
• Glätt + Füll - the material with the addition of cellulose to create a smooth base for finishing and decorative works;
• Füll + Finish - cellulose-reinforced finish compound;
• Pufamur SH45 - putty enriched with synthetic resin.It has a high bonding ability. Ideal for use on reinforced concrete and other smooth surfaces.

• "Standard" - a mixture for continuous basic leveling plastered, concrete surfaces, GSP, GWP, GVL, treatment of joints between GSP;
• "Universal" - designed for leveling concrete and plastered bases, GSP, GWP, GVL, leveling joints between GSP, for sealing cracks;
• "Finishes" is used for the joints between the GSP, for leveling concrete, plastered bases, bases of GSP, GWP, GVL.

• “Gypsum-Elastic” is used as a topcoat for various surfaces before painting or sticking wallpaper. It can also be used to fill GVL and GKL joints and seams, for installation of GWP;
• "Gypsum" - to create a basic plaster layer on any basis;
• Putty plaster "Satin" - finishing material to create a perfectly smooth and white surface

Bergauf - non-shrink elastic putties with increased resistance to cracking:

• Fugen gips
• Finish Gips.

In general, this type of putty is widely popular among consumers when deciding which material to choose for interior plastering and finishing work.

Consumers note the pleasant white color of the material, versatility (any surfaces can be putty in plaster mixes), quickness of drying, which saves time for all repairs, the ability to paint or wallpaper (even thin) walls that are plastered on gypsum basis.

How to work with Knauf plaster putty, see below.